0.0 Context
0.0.1 Haryana recorded a sex ratio at birth of 923 in 2025, its best in five years, bringing it close to the national average of 933, according to government data cited.

0.1 Background of decline
0.1.1 In the 2011 Census, Haryana ranked among the worst performers in sex ratio at birth with 834 girls per 1,000 boys.
0.1.2 The 2025 figure marks a sharp turnaround after years of concern and monitoring.

0.2 Scale of births and recent data
0.2.1 In 2024, Haryana recorded 5.16 lakh births — 2.70 lakh males and 2.46 lakh females.
0.2.2 In 2025, births rose to 5.20 lakh, with 2.71 lakh males and 2.49 lakh females, pushing the ratio to 923.

0.3 Core approach adopted by the state
0.3.1 The improvement followed a decade-long campaign involving law enforcement, inter-state raids, and monitoring of medical officers.
0.3.2 The state shifted from a limited enforcement approach to strict implementation of the PNDT and MTP Acts, with weekly monitoring.

0.4 FIRs and legal action
0.4.1 Between 2015 and 2025, Haryana registered 1,375 FIRs under the PNDT and MTP Acts.
0.4.2 FIRs were filed against medical practitioners and ultrasound centre owners, showing sustained action even during the Covid years.
0.4.3 In 2025, the state recorded 154 FIRs, compared to 142 in 2021 and 24 in 2023.

0.5 District-level patterns
0.5.1 Faridabad recorded 126 FIRs over the decade, the highest in the state.
0.5.2 It was followed by Sonipat (115 FIRs) and Gurugram (112 FIRs).
0.5.3 Districts such as Ambala, Hisar, Rohtak, Sirsa, Karnal and Kurukshetra also saw sustained action.
0.5.4 Despite enforcement, Faridabad (916), Sonipat (894) and Gurugram (901) continued to have sex ratios below the state average.

0.6 Tracking pregnancies through unique IDs
0.6.1 Haryana issued a 12-digit unique ID to every pregnant woman examined in government or private healthcare institutions.
0.6.2 This led to a 37 percentage point increase in registration of pregnant women.
0.6.3 Each abortion was tracked, with records maintained across hospitals, MTP centres and ultrasound centres.

0.7 Monitoring vulnerable pregnancies
0.7.1 The Saheli project, launched in April 2025, involved anganwadi and ASHA workers.
0.7.2 It focused on monitoring pregnant women who already had at least one daughter.
0.7.3 This resulted in a 57 percentage point drop in trimester abortion rates in one year.

0.8 Use of decoys and informers
0.8.1 Police used decoys, including women police constables and civilians, posing as abortion seekers.
0.8.2 The state announced ₹1 lakh rewards for tips on illegal sex determination or abortions.
0.8.3 Around ₹5 crore has been paid to informers over the last 10 years.

0.9 Inter-state coordination
0.9.1 Haryana shares borders with Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Punjab and Rajasthan.
0.9.2 In 2025, 218 inter-state PNDT raids were conducted — 89 in Delhi, 83 in Punjab, and 26 in Rajasthan.
0.9.3 Haryana officials coordinated raids as residents often visited centres in neighbouring states.

0.10 Enforcement challenges noted
0.10.1 Officials highlighted challenges from portable ultrasound machines available online.
0.10.2 MTP kits costing ₹50–60 were found being sold in the black market for ₹2,000–2,500.
0.10.3 Operators frequently changed locations or conducted tests outside registered centres to evade detection.